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Palestinians are 'stateless' but united by longing for peace, say historians_我的网站

A |     8月5日，杭州政府发布《关于杭州市城市轨道交通9号线二期工程7座车站站名的批复》。批复的各站站名如下：1.康信路站。位于荷禹路与康信路交叉口，沿荷禹路南北向布置。2.兴元路站。位于荷禹路与兴元路交叉口，沿荷禹路南北向布置。

B | 3.康泰路站。位于康泰路与顺达路（规划名）交叉口，沿康泰路东西向布置。

C |     The Palestinian people make up one of the largest refugee groups in the world, often forced off their land or pushed to flee amid ongoing conflict in the region, according to the United Nations.They are stateless, their identity not defined by specific borders, but rather tied together by a collective longing for a place to call home. Their existence has long been traded and transferred by different ruling powers throughout their history, leaving their fate hanging in the balance.Palestinians are a diverse, multi-religious and multicultural group of roughly 14 million people internationally who trace their roots back to what is now known as the Israeli-Palestinian region of the Middle East.Many of them no longer remain there, spread across the globe. Those who remain in the Palestinian territory of Gaza have been under blockade, with Israel controlling nearly everything that comes in and out of the region, including food, fuel and people, and Egypt controlling Gaza’s southern border.Palestinians have been described as a "young society," with people between 15 and 29 years old comprising 30% of the population, according to the United Nations Population Fund.Amid the ongoing Israel-Hamas conflict in the Middle East, Palestinians say they have been "dehumanized" and stereotyped amid the international backlash to Hamas' terrorist actions in Israel.In Gaza, at least 1,799 people have been killed in retaliatory strikes by Israel, with an estimated 7,388 more injured, numbers that are expected to climb. At least 1,300 people have been killed and 3,227 others have been injured in Israel from Hamas attacks.Palestinian historians add that the people's long history of being ignored, attacked and displaced has left many misconceptions about the population unaddressed – something they now hope to remedy."As soon as you identify with them as people – as ordinary human beings – you cannot do to them what's now being done to them right now," said Ussama Makdisi, a history professor at the University of California Berkeley.For example, support for the "Free Palestine" or liberation movement has historically been painted as antisemitic. Palestinian historians say this is another misperception.The fight for liberation, Makdisi said, is about being able to "live with dignity and equality, in a political and social and economic environment where they can thrive like any other people."According to the United Nations, 81% of the population in Gaza lives in poverty, with food insecurity plaguing 63% of Gaza citizens. The unemployment rate is 46.6%, and access to clean water and electricity remains at "crisis" levels of inaccessibility, the U.N. states."Liberation means living with equality, which everybody, I think, once they understand that, most people I would say agree with it,” says Makdisi. “It's exactly what we wish for any people in the world, any people."

'Struggle for liberation'

Despite the difficult circumstances facing Palestinians around the world and in Palestinian territories, they love life, added Yousef Munayyer, a Palestinian-American writer and political analyst."People are looking for ways in the most difficult of moments to celebrate the beauty of life, even under oppression," Munayyer said. "This does not make Palestinians unique. It just makes them as human as everybody else."All of the Palestinian scholars with whom ABC News spoke said the Palestinian passion for fighting to be able to live with dignity has stretched beyond the movement for their own people. Palestinians have been a prominent voice in grassroots activism internationally, including the 2020 anti-racism movement that began in the United States and spread overseas.The young population of Palestinians particularly has moved the needle on their community’s involvement in global social movements, historians say. Nassar believes it’s because younger generations believe their international causes are connected, united in dismantling longstanding systems of oppression.

Palestinian resiliency

The Arabic idea of "sumud," or steadfastness, is a key part of how many Palestinians understand their collective identity, according to Maha Nassar, a history and Islamic studies professor at the University of Arizona. It highlights the near-universal call for liberation, freedom and equality among Palestinians existing in a region under constant conflict – a yearning for peace on Palestinian lands.Sumud can manifest in many ways. It could be as simple as proclaiming one's pride in their Palestinian heritage, or as complicated as grassroots organizing in social movements."Palestinians around the world have taken immense pride and gone to great lengths to ensure that their Palestinian culture and identity is not erased, just because their state does not yet exist," said Nassar.。4.泉漳站。位于康泰路与星河路交叉口，沿康泰路东西向布置，位于泉漳村范围内。5.兴盛路站。位于康泰路与兴盛路交叉口，沿康泰路东西向布置。6.港北路站。位于港北路与运城街交叉口，沿港北路南北向布置。7.塘栖站。位于绿荫街与塘栖路交叉口，沿绿荫街东西向布置，位于塘栖镇范围内。地铁9号线二期工程线路南接已运营9号线龙安站，向北延伸至塘栖站，线路全长约10公里，全部为地下线。全线设置7座地下车站，同步配套建设昌达路车辆段。线路走向沿荷禹路、康泰路、港北路、绿荫街敷设。待9号线二期开通后，杭州地铁9号线全线总里程将达到39.6公里，线路串联起观音塘、钱江新城、临平老城、东湖新城、塘栖古镇，形成一条贯通杭州主城至临平北部的轨道交通纵向通道。据了解，9号线二期是杭州地铁四期工程中进度较快的线路。今年1月，项目实现全线洞通，成为四期首条完成隧道全线贯通的线路，7个盾构区间全部完成掘进，地下隧道骨架成形。截至目前，车站主体结构施工已全部完成，其中兴盛路站更是杭州地铁四期首个完成主体验收的车站。6月，工程顺利实现正线短轨通，钢轨铺设全部到位，建设重心从地下土建转向轨道焊接、线路精调、机电设备安装、车站内部装修以及风亭、出入口等附属结构施工，各工作面同步加紧推进。预计今年年底具备通车条件。这条线路的落地，将补齐临平北部轨道交通短板。一方面覆盖东湖新城北部大片居住区，方便荷禹路沿线居民快速往返钱江新城、主城区，大幅缩短通勤时间；另一方面地铁首次直达塘栖古镇核心区，既便利当地居民日常出行，也为主城去往塘栖的文旅客流提供便捷的公共交通选择，激活塘栖文旅消费潜力，推动临平北部板块融合发展，助力塘栖更好融入杭州都市圈。未来，市民乘坐9号线，可便捷换乘其他地铁线路通达火车东站、萧山国际机场等重要交通枢纽，临平北部居民出行将迎来质的提升。

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